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Some songs have a particular pattern, but with others a particular pattern is less important. You can get by with only a few basic patterns (down down down down; down up down up down up down up; down, down up, up down up (the "island strum, and ideal for lots of things); down down down down up are a few that will work for a huge amount of songs), so work on those to begin with, but definitely listen to a song and try to work out what works best. Bad Moon Rising is an example - you can use the same pattern all the way through, but if you emphasise the "I See" with a down strum each before going into your pattern, it works a little better, but is still fairly simple to learn.
Any kind of pattern you find online is going to need some tweaking, as it's very difficult to notate strumming patterns. Youtube is a good place to learn specific songs, and the person doing the video will show you how to play the pattern that they have decided is the "right" one for the song (although you'll often hear them say that they aren't sure exactly what the original artist was doing and this is the closest they can get, or that it's played differently live to in the studio, so everything is open to interpretation). You will start to develop a feel for things and will be able to come up with something that works for whatever you want to play.
So in short - both! Learn specific patterns, but always experiment and come up with your own.
Then remember you have all those other weird time signatures like 6/8 and 5/4 and 3/4 and 16th strumming n that. Listen to a song and try and work out what pattern they are using. You'll often find they alternate between 2 patterns each bar or partway through a song. When you think you've worked it out go and compare it with a musical score and see if you were correct.
There's quite a good book on the subject called rithm rhythem rithem rythmn guitar 365 by Troy Nelson that takes you through the whole subject. It's about 300 pages long so it'll keep you busy.
Ian
Lowering my expectations has succeeded beyond my wildest dreams.